Africa is home to some of the most beautiful landscapes in the world, from the huge Congo rain forests to the Canyon River. But a few interesting places like the second largest mountain in the world, a snow -covered volcano that rises 5895 meters (19341 feet) above sea level and has five distinctive climatic areas.
Mount Kilimanjaro is located in Tanzania and is the longest stand -alone mountain in the world, which means that it is not part of a larger mountain range. It consists of three volcanic cones – KIBO, which is sleeping and can erupt again, and Mawenzi and Shira, which have become extinct. according to Kilimanaro climbingThe volcanic activity on the mountain began about 2.5 million years ago, with the latest explosions during the past 200,000 years.
The summit, known as Uhuru Peak, is the highest point in Africa and a goal for thousands of climbers every year.
But what makes Kilimanjaro unique is the rapid change in the climate while you are ascending.
The journey from the base to the top is often compared by traveling from the equator to the Arctic within a few days.
The lower slopes are covered in agricultural lands, where the locals grow coffee, bananas and corn.
Above this dense rainforest with high humidity, homeland home, antelope, and a variety of bird types.
With an increase in height, the landscape changes to the Moorland Fateh, followed by the rock alpine desert with maximum temperature fluctuations between day and night.
The top area is covered with snow and snow, although the ice rivers were shrinking quickly.
Scientists estimate that if current trends continue, the ice cover in Kilimanjaro can disappear completely by 2060.
The mountain is seen for several centuries. Greek geography, Ptolemy, mentioned a “Great Mount of Snow” in Africa early in the second century.
European explorers initially rejected the idea of ​​snow in Africa until the German missionary Johannes Ripan documented the ice rivers in Kilimanaro in 1848.
The first successful summit was in 1889 by German geography Hans Meyer and the Austrian mountains of Ludwig Portceler, guided by Johanhani Lao, the local Chaja tribe.
Lauwo has continued to direct campaigns for decades, and according to what was reported, he lived at the age of 125 years.
Kilimanjaro is one of the most popular in the world in the world, attracting about 30,000 climbers every year.
However, accessing the top is not guaranteed. Height disease is a great challenge, and success rates are higher on the longest roads that allow more time to adapt.
Although the National Gardens Authority does not launch official numbers, it is estimated that between three and six people die on the mountain every year, mostly due to the diseases associated with rise.
Some porters have lost their lives due to exposure and insufficient equipment.
One of the biggest concerns of scientists.
According to a study conducted by the European Union of Geological Sciences, between 1912 and 2011, the mountain lost about 85 % of the ice cover.
The ice rivers, which once covered 11.4 square kilometers, now cover only 1.76 square kilometers.
If the current rate of melting continues, the mountain may be free of ice over the next few decades.
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